Description
ORS
Therapeutic action
– Prevention and treatment of dehydration from acute diarrhoea, cholera, etc.
Presentation
– Sachet of powder to be diluted in 1 litre of clean water.
– WHO formulation:
sodium chloride 2.6
sodium: 75
glucose: 13.5
chloride: 65
potassium chloride: 1.5
trisodium citrate: 2.9
potassium: 20
citrate: 10
Total weight: 20.5
Total osmolarity: 245
Dosage
– Prevention of dehydration (WHO – treatment plan A)
Child under 24 months: 50 to 100 ml after each loose stool (approximately 500 ml/day)
Child from 2 to 10 years: 100 to 200 ml after each loose stool (approximately 1000 ml/day)
Child over 10 years and adult: 200 to 400 ml after each loose stool (approximately 2000 ml/day)
If there are no signs of dehydration: follow
If there are signs of moderate dehydration: repeat
If there are signs of severe dehydration: start IV therapy (
Duration
– As long as diarrhoea and signs of dehydration persist.
Contra-indications, adverse effects, precautions
– If the eyelids become puffy during the treatment: stop ORS, give plain water then, resume ORS according to reatment plan A when the puffiness is gone.
– If case of vomiting, stop ORS for 10 min and then resume at a slower rate (very small, frequent,amounts); do not stop rehydration.
–Pregnancy: no contra-indication
–Breast-feeding: no contra-indication
Remarks
– A special ORS-formula, ReSoMal, is used under medical supervision, for severely malnourished children only. However, in malnourished children with cholera, standard ORS- formula is used instead of ReSoMal.
– Storage
Do not use the powder if it has turned into a yellow-brownish sticky substance.
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